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Alfred Lothar Wegener (November 1, 1880 – November 1930) was a German polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist.<br /> During his lifetime he was primarily known for his achievements in meteorology and as a pioneer of polar research, but today he is most remembered for advancing the theory of continental drift in 1912, which hypothesized that the continents were slowly drifting around the Earth. His hypothesis was controversial and not widely accepted until the 1950s, when numerous discoveries such as palaeomagnetism provided strong support for continental drift, and thereby a substantial basis for today's model of Plate tectonics.<br /> Wegener attended school at the Köllnische Gymnasium on Wallstrasse in Berlin , graduating as the best in his class. Afterward he studied Physics, meteorology and Astronomy in Berlin, Heidelberg and Innsbruck. From 1902 to 1903 during his studies he was an assistant at the Urania astronomical observatory. He obtained a doctorate in astronomy in 1905 based on a dissertation written under the supervision of Julius Bauschinger at Friedrich Wilhelms University , Berlin. Wegener had always maintained a strong interest in the developing fields of meteorology and climatology and his studies afterwards focused on these disciplines.<br /> Alfred Wegener first thought of this idea by noticing that the different large landmasses of the Earth almost fit together like a jigsaw. The Continental shelf of the Americas fit closely to Africa and Europe, and Antarctica, Australia, India and Madagascar fit next to the tip of Southern Africa.<br /> From 1912, Wegener publicly advocated the theory of &quot;continental drift&quot;, arguing that all the continents were once joined together in a single landmass and have drifted apart. He supposed the cause might be the centrifugal force of the Earth's rotation or the astronomical precession. Wegener also speculated on sea-floor spreading and the role of the mid-ocean ridges.<br /> In 1915, in The Origin of Continents and Oceans, Wegener published the theory that there had once been a giant continent, he named (&quot;Pangaea&quot;, meaning &quot;All-Lands&quot; or &quot;All-Earth&quot;)<br /> <br /> CONTINENTAL DRIFT <br /> In the future, Africa is going to smash into Europe as Australia migrates north to merge with Asia. Meanwhile the Atlantic Ocean will probably widen for a spell before it reverses course and later disappears.

Alfred Lothar Wegener was a German polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist. <br /> During his lifetime he was primarily known for his achievements in meteorology and as a pioneer of polar research, but today he is most remembered for advancing the theory of continental drift (Kontinentalverschiebung) in 1912, which hypothesized that the continents were slowly drifting around the Earth. His hypothesis was controversial and not widely accepted until the 1950s, when numerous discoveries such as palaeomagnetism provided strong support for continental drift, and thereby a substantial basis for today's model of Plate tectonics. Wegener was involved in several expeditions to Greenland to study polar air circulation before the existence of the jet stream was accepted. Expedition participants made many meteorological observations and achieved the first-ever overwintering on the inland Greenland ice sheet as well as the first-ever boring of ice cores on a moving Arctic glacier.<br /> Some truly revolutionary scientific theories may take years or decades to win general acceptance among scientists. This is certainly true of plate tectonics, one of the most important and far-ranging geological theories of all time; when first proposed, it was ridiculed, but steadily accumulating evidence finally prompted its acceptance, with immense consequences for geology, geophysics, oceanography, and paleontology. And the man who first proposed this theory was a brilliant interdisciplinary scientist, Alfred Wegener. <br /> Born on November 1, 1880, Alfred Lothar Wegener earned a Ph.D in astronomy from the University of Berlin in 1904. However, he had always been interested in geophysics, and also became fascinated with the developing fields of meteorology and climatology. During his life, Wegener made several key contributions to meteorology: he pioneered the use of balloons to track air circulation, and wrote a textbook that became standard throughout Germany. In 1906 Wegener joined an expedition to Greenland to study polar air circulation. Returning, he accepted a post as tutor at the University of Marburg, taking time to visit Greenland again in 1912-1913. (The above photograph of Wegener was taken during this expedition). In 1914 he was drafted into the German army, but was released from combat duty after being wounded, and served out the war in the Army weather forecasting service. After the war, Wegener returned to Marburg, but became frustrated with the obstacles to advancement placed in his way; in 1924 he accepted a specially created professorship in meteorology and geophysics at the University of Graz, in Austria. Wegener made what was to be his last expedition to Greenland in 1930. While returning from a rescue expedition that brought food to a party of his colleagues camped in the middle of the Greenland icecap, he died, a day or two after his fiftieth birthday. <br /> While at Marburg, in the autumn of 1911, Wegener was browsing in the university library when he came across a scientific paper that listed fossils of identical plants and animals found on opposite sides of the Atlantic. Intrigued by this information, Wegener began to look for, and find, more cases of similar organisms separated by great oceans. Orthodox science at the time explained such cases by postulating that land bridges, now sunken, had once connected far-flung continents. But Wegener noticed the close fit between the coastlines of Africa and South America. Might the similarities among organisms be due, not to land bridges, but to the continents having been joined together at one time? As he later wrote: &quot;A conviction of the fundamental soundness of the idea took root in my mind.&quot; <br /> Such an insight, to be accepted, would require large amounts of supporting evidence. Wegener found that large-scale geological features on separated continents often matched very closely when the continents were brought together. For example, the Appalachian mountains of eastern North America matched with the Scottish Highlands, and the distinctive rock strata of the Karroo system of South Africa were identical to those of the Santa Catarina system in Brazil. Wegener also found that the fossils found in a certain place often indicated a climate utterly different from the climate of today: for example, fossils of tropical plants, such as ferns and cycads, are found today on the Arctic island of Spitsbergen. All of these facts supported Wegener's theory of &quot;continental drift.&quot; In 1915 the first edition of The Origin of Continents and Oceans, a book outlining Wegener's theory, was published; expanded editions were published in 1920, 1922, and 1929. About 300 million years ago, claimed Wegener, the continents had formed a single mass, called Pangaea (from the Greek for &quot;all the Earth&quot;). Pangaea had rifted, or split, and its pieces had been moving away from each other ever since. Wegener was not the first to suggest that the continents had once been connected, but he was the first to present extensive evidence from several fields. <br /> He died in November 1930 at aged of 50 in Clarinetania, Greenland.

Alfred Lothar Wegener (November 1, 1880 – November 1930) was a German polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist.<br /> <br /> During his lifetime he was primarily known for his achievements in meteorology and as a pioneer of polar research, but today he is most remembered for advancing the theory of continental drift (Kontinentalverschiebung) in 1912, which hypothesized that the continents were slowly drifting around the Earth. His hypothesis was controversial and not widely accepted until the 1950s, when numerous discoveries such as palaeomagnetism provided strong support for continental drift, and thereby a substantial basis for today's model of Plate tectonics.[1][2] Wegener was involved in several expeditions to Greenland to study polar air circulation before the existence of the jet stream was accepted. Expedition participants made many meteorological observations and achieved the first-ever overwintering on the inland Greenland ice sheet as well as the first-ever boring of ice cores on a moving Arctic glacier.in 1915, published as expanded version of his 1912 book The Origin of Continents and Oceans. This work was one of the first to suggest continental drift and plate tectonics. He suggested that a supercontinent he called Pangaea had existed in the past, broke up starting 200 million years ago, and that the pieces ``drifted'' to their present positions. He cited the fit of South America and Africa, ancient climate similarities, fossil evidence (such as the fern Glossopteris and mesosaurus), and similarity of rock structures.Alfred Wegener first thought of this idea by noticing that the different large landmasses of the Earth almost fit together like a jigsaw. The Continental shelf of the Americas fit closely to Africa and Europe, and Antarctica, Australia, India and Madagascar fit next to the tip of Southern Africa. But Wegener only took action after reading a paper in Autumn 1911 and seeing that a flooded land-bridge contradicts isostasy.<br /> <br /> In about 250 million years, the prediction of the positions of the plates put back together into a single land mass.

Alfred Wegener was born in Berlin, 1880 and died in Greenland, 1930. He was a German scientist, he became interested in geophysics. Wegener was the youngest of five children of the family of a Lutheran pastor.Richard Wegener was his father, a theologian and professor of classical languages ​​in high school.The house where he lived is now a house tour and a memorial to Alfred Wegener.Alfred Wegener was at school the best in its class.Then from 1900-1904 he studied physics, meteorology and astronomy in Berlin, Heidelberg and Innsbruck. Between 1902-1903 he was assistant study at Urania Observatory in Berlin.In 1905, Wegener worked as an assistant at the Observatory in Lindenberg Beeskow Aeronautics. Two years there coincided with his older brother, Kurt, who was also a scientist and who shared an interest in meteorology and polar research.<br /> Wegener participated in an expedition with the aim of exploring the last unknown piece Northeast Greenland. He built the first weather station in Greenland.<br /> Wegener fought in the First World War as a reserve officer in the infantry, which was described as unsuitable to fight on the front and was assigned to the meteorological army.<br /> Between 1919 and 1923 he worked on his book climates in the geological past, which tried to codify the new science of paleoclimatology for his theory of continental drift, to be published along with his father.<br /> In 1929 Wegener made ​​his third trip to Greenland, where he died on November 2, 1930.<br /> Explanation:<br /> The tectonic plates are in constant motion and that the continents have not always been the same, but we still have about 50 million years to see them change a lot.<br /> Africa will go northward colliding with Europe.Moreover, America, Africa and Europe are separating by the growth of the Atlantic Ocean. It is growing in its center where there is a ridge that generates more ocean floor. When Africa comes to Europe, the Mediterranean Sea will disappear.And will form a mountain range. In 150 million of years, Southern America and Northern America will still being joined but northern America will be join to northern Asia. In 250 million years in the future America will be join to Africa, Europe and the Antarctica. The Atlantic Ocean increase.The south pole will be separated into two different parts, one will be join to the Indian peninsula, Africa, the Arabic Peninsula,... The other part will be join to Australia. As a result, will form a supercontinent, with a lake in the centre.

*BIOGRAPHY OF ALFRED WEGENER*<br /> <br /> Alfred Lothar Wegener was born &quot;The Day of All Saints&quot; ( 1 of November) in 1880. He was a polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist.<br /> <br /> -FAMILY<br /> Father: Richard Wegener (orphanage manager)<br /> Mother: Anna Wegener<br /> Brother: Kurt Wegener (scientist)<br /> Sister: &quot;Tony&quot; Wegener (artist)<br /> Wife: Elsa Koppen Wegener (m. 1913)<br /> Daughter: Elsa Wegener (editor)<br /> <br /> -EDUCATION<br /> He born in Berlin, on that time the capital of the German Empire. He was the youngest of five brothers. His father Richard Wegener studied theology and classical Languages and was a professor in the &quot;Evangelisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster&quot; in english &quot;High School to the Grey Abbey&quot;. The school where in London. <br /> The Wegener family hab a manor house near Rheinsberg in the village of Zechlinerhütte (a village in the north of Berlin). There in the manor Alfred took a great love to the nature science and life. <br /> Between 1900 to 1904 he learned physics , meteorology and astronomy in the Heidelberg University near Munich in the south of Germany. <br /> After he worked in the Meteorologisches Observatorium Lindenberg, there he worked with his brother Kurt Wegener (a polar explorer and meteorologist )<br /> <br /> -EXPLORATION OF GREENLAND<br /> In 1905 he went to a polar expedition led by the danish Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen . It was to explore the last unknown piece of Greenland's northeast coast. The journey was very hard. Two of the partners of Alfred Wegener died.<br /> In the second journey Johan Peter Koch the director of the second expedition broke a leg during they were in Iceland <br /> <br /> -THE FIRST WORLD WAR<br /> In 1913 he was married with his girlfriend Elsa Koopen. In 1914 his war service at the front in Belgium was associated with intense fighting. In 1915 developed his first magum version of &quot;The Origin of the Continents and Oceans&quot;<br /> <br /> -THE POST WAR<br /> After the war he was sitting in Hamburg with his family. In this stage of his life wrote his betters works: Die Klimate der geologischen Vorzeit (The climates of the geological past) a work based on the paleoclimatology, Die Entstehung der Mondkrater (The origin of the lunar craters) and of course his opus magnum work Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane ( The origin of the Continents and oceans). First his works were in german but after were translated to English.<br /> <br /> -THEORY AND CONTROVERSY<br /> The book simply was summarized in a theory, &quot;The Continental Drift&quot;. This theory say that once 230 millions years ago the continents were together in a supercontinent called Pangea.<br /> Pangea was the supercontinent that existed at the end of the Paleozoic and early Mesozoic according Alfred Wegener.<br /> The theory was a direct threat to the &quot;Land Bridge Theory&quot; a theory made by Jules Marcou a French geologist .<br /> Almost all the XX century the scientific community said that the theory was a great lie. In 1960 a group of scientificts determined thar was real. <br /> <br /> -LAST EXPEDITION<br /> The hard terms of the last expedition to Greenland killed Alfred Wegener. The temperature rise -60 Cº, A meterologist lost the fingers because the temperature. He died in November of 1930 at the age of 50 years.<br /> <br /> ALL THE WORKS:;<br /> -Thermodynamics of the atmosphere, 1911 and 1924<br /> -The origin of continents and oceans, 1915, 1929 (4th ed).<br /> -Wind-and water-spouts in Europe, 1917.<br /> -The detonating meteor of 3 April 1916, 3 1/2 clock in the afternoon in the Electorate of Hesse, 1917 and 1918<br /> -The changing colors of large meteors, 1918<br /> -Through the White Desert, 1919<br /> -Theory of the main halo, 1926<br /> -Attempts to Aufsturztheorie of lunar craters, 1920<br /> -The origin of the lunar craters, 1921<br /> -Pilot balloon ascents on a trip to Mexico March until June 1922<br /> -The climates of the geological past, 1924, Wladimir Köppen, Alfred Wegener<br /> -Confidential report on the expedition to Greenland in 1929<br /> -The origin of continents and oceans, 1929<br /> -Lectures on Physics of the Atmosphere, 1935<br /> -With boat and sled in Greenland, 1935<br /> <br /> Continental Drift:<br /> Within 50 million of years Australia will join with the south of Asia (Indonesie, Thailand, Philipines) And the Atlantic Ocean expand. Over 150 millions the Antartic will divided into two. Greenland will join with America and the Pacific ocean will expand. Madagascar will join with africa and a part of west Russia will join with Alaska to America. The Mediterranean sea expand and the continents will return to join a to create a new supercontinent. Where all will a great desert and the coast will tropical.

BIOGRAPHY<br /> Alfred Lothar Wegener was born on November 1, 1880 in Berlin, Germany. During his childhood Wegener's father ran an orphanage. Wegener took an interest physical and Earth sciences and studied these subjects at universities in both Germany and Austria. He graduated with a doctor of philosophy. in astronomy from the University of Berlin in 1905. <br /> <br /> While earning his doctor of philosophy in astronomy, Wegener also took an interest in meteorology and paleoclimatology (the study of changes to the Earth's climate throughout its history). From 1906-1908 he took an expedition to Greenland to study polar weather. This expedition was the first of four that Wegener would take to Greenland. The others occurred from 1912-1913 and in 1929 and 1930. <br /> Shortly after receiving his doctor of philosophy Wegener began teaching at the University of Marburg in Germany. During his time there he gained an interest in the ancient history of the Earth's continents and their placement after noticing in 1910 that the eastern coast of South America and the northwestern coast of Africa looked like they were once connected. In 1911 Wegener also came across several scientific documents stating that there were identical fossils of plants and animals on each of these continents and he claimed that all of the Earth's continents were at one time connected into one large supercontinent. In 1912 he presented the idea of &quot;continental displacement&quot; which would later become known as continental drift to explain how the continents moved toward and away from one another throughout the Earth's history.<br /> In 1914 Wegener was drafted into the German army during World War I. He was wounded twice and was eventually placed in the Army's weather forecasting service for the duration of the war. In 1915 Wegener published his most famous work, The Origin of Continents and Oceans as an extension of his 1912 lecture. In that work, Wegener presented extensive evidence to support his claim that all of the Earth's continents were at one time connected. Despite the evidence, most of the scientific community ignored his ideas at the time.<br /> CONTINENTAL DRIFT<br /> Inside million years the continents will join, this way forming a great continent and a great area of water was formed

Biography:<br /> Alfred Lothar Wegener was born in Berlin ( November 1, 1880- November 1930). He was a German scientist.<br /> His life: <br /> On November 1, 1880, Alfred Wegener was born in Berlin as the youngest of five children in a clergyman's family. His father, Richard Wegener, was a theologian and teacher of classical languages at the Berlinisches Gymnasium Grauen Kloster. In 1886 his family purchased a former manor house near Rheinsberg, which they used as a vacation home. Today there is an Alfred Wegener Memorial site and tourist information office in a nearby building that was once the local schoolhouse.Wegener attended school at the Köllnische Gymnasium on Wallstrasse in Berlin (a fact which is memorialized on a plaque on this protected building, now a school of music), graduating as the best in his class. Afterward he studied Physics, meteorology and Astronomy in Berlin, Heidelberg and Innsbruck. From 1902 to 1903 during his studies he was an assistant at the Urania astronomical observatory. He obtained a doctorate in astronomy in 1905 based on a dissertation written under the supervision of Julius Bauschinger at Friedrich Wilhelms University (today Humboldt University), Berlin. Wegener had always maintained a strong interest in the developing fields of meteorology and climatology and his studies afterwards focused on these disciplines.<br /> In 1905 Wegener became an assistant at the Aeronautischen Observatorium Lindenberg near Beeskow. He worked there with his brother Kurt, two years his senior, who was likewise a scientist with an interest in meteorology and polar research. The two pioneered the use of weather balloons to track air masses. On a balloon ascent undertaken to carry out meteorological investigations and to test a celestial navigation method using a particular type of quadrant, the Wegener brothers set a new record for a continuous balloon flight, remaining aloft 52.5 hours from April 5–7, 1906. From 1912, Wegener publicly advocated the theory of &quot;continental drift&quot;, arguing that all the continents were once joined together in a single landmass and have drifted apart. He supposed the cause might be the centrifugal force of the Earth's rotation or the astronomical precession. Wegener also speculated on sea-floor spreading and the role of the mid-ocean ridges, stating: the Mid-Atlantic Ridge ... zone in which the floor of the Atlantic, as it keeps spreading, is continuously tearing open and making space for fresh, relatively fluid and hot sima from depth.However, he did not pursue these ideas in his later works.<br /> In 1915, in The Origin of Continents and Oceans (Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane), Wegener published the theory that there had once been a giant continent, he named &quot;Urkontinent&quot; (German word meaning &quot;origin of the continents&quot;, in a way equivalent to the Greek &quot;Pangaea&quot;, meaning &quot;All-Lands&quot; or &quot;All-Earth&quot;) and drew together evidence from various fields. Expanded editions during the 1920s presented the accumulating evidence. The last edition, just before his untimely death, revealed the significant observation that shallower oceans were geologically younger.<br /> At the age of 50 (May 12,1930) he died.<br /> <br /> In the next million of years the Earth will be very different of today. Oceania will join with Asia, America will join with Africa and Europe. The Antartic Pole will join with Asia and Europe and the Artic Pole will join with America and Asia. A huge continent will be form and a large area of water will appear.

BIOGRAPHY<br /> Alfred Wegener was a German meteorologist and geophysicist who developed the first theory of continental drift and formulated the idea that a supercontinent known as Pangaea existed on the Earth millions of years ago. His ideas were largely ignored at the time they were developed but today they are very well accepted by the scientific community.<br /> <br /> Alfred Lothar Wegener was born on November 1, 1880 in Berlin, Germany. Wegener took an interest physical and Earth sciences and studied these subjects at universities in both Germany and Austria. He graduated with a Ph.D. in astronomy from the University of Berlin in 1905. While earning his Ph.D. in astronomy, Wegener also took an interest in meteorology and paleoclimatology (the study of changes to the Earth's climate throughout its history). From 1906-1908 he took an expedition to Greenland to study polar weather. This expedition was the first of four that Wegener would take to Greenland. The others occurred from 1912-1913 and in 1929 and 1930. <br /> <br /> Shortly after receiving his Ph.D., Wegener began teaching at the University of Marburg in Germany. During his time there he gained an interest in the ancient history of the Earth's continents and their placement after noticing in 1910 that the eastern coast of South America and the northwestern coast of Africa looked like they were once connected. In 1911 Wegener also came across several scientific documents stating that there were identical fossils of plants and animals on each of these continents and he claimed that all of the Earth's continents were at one time connected into one large supercontinent. In 1912 he presented the idea of &quot;continental displacement&quot; which would later become known as continental drift to explain how the continents moved toward and away from one another throughout the Earth's history.<br /> <br /> In 1914 Wegener was drafted into the German army during World War I. He was wounded twice and was eventually placed in the Army's weather forecasting service for the duration of the war. In 1915 Wegener published his most famous work, The Origin of Continents and Oceans as an extension of his 1912 lecture. In that work, Wegener presented extensive evidence to support his claim that all of the Earth's continents were at one time connected. Despite the evidence, most of the scientific community ignored his ideas at the time.<br /> <br /> From 1924 to 1930 Wegener was a professor of meteorology and geophysics at the University of Graz in Austria. In 1927 he introduced the idea of Pangaea, a Greek term meaning &quot;all lands,&quot; to describe the supercontinent that existed on the Earth millions of years ago at a symposium.<br /> In 1930, Wegener took part in his last expedition to Greenland the set up a winter weather station that would monitor the jet stream in the upper atmosphere over the Africa is going to smash into Europe as Australia migrates north to merge with Asia. Meanwhile the Atlantic Ocean will probably widen for a spell before it reverses course and later disappears.<br /> Two hundred and fifty million years ago the landmasses of Earth were clustered into one supercontinent dubbed Pangea. pole. Severe weather delayed the start of that trip and made it extremely difficult for Wegener and 14 other explorers and scientists to reach the weather station location. Eventually 13 of these men would turn around but Wegener continued and got to the location five weeks after starting the expedition. On the return trip, Wegener became lost and it is believed that he died in November 1930.<br /> <br /> For most of his life, Alfred Lothar Wegener was interested in his theory of continental drift and Pangaea despite harsh criticism at the time. By the time of his death in 1930 his ideas were almost entirely rejected by the scientific community. It was not until the 1960s that they gained credibility as scientists at that time began studying sea floor spreading and eventually plate tectonics. Wegener's ideas served as a framework for those studies.<br /> <br /> For most of his life, Alfred Lothar Wegener was interested in his theory of continental drift and Pangaea despite harsh criticism at the time. By the time of his death in 1930 his ideas were almost entirely rejected by the scientific community. It was not until the 1960s that they gained credibility as scientists at that time began studying sea floor spreading and eventually plate tectonics. Wegener's ideas served as a framework for those studies.<br /> <br /> Today Wegener's ideas are highly regarded by the scientific community as an early attempt at explaining why the Earth's landscape is the way it is. His polar expeditions are also highly regarded and today the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research is known for high quality research in the Arctic and Antarctic.<br /> <br /> <br /> CONTINENTAL DRIFT IN 400 MILLION YEARS<br /> In the future, Africa is going to smash into Europe as Australia migrates north to merge with Asia. Meanwhile the Atlantic Ocean will probably widen for a spell before it reverses course and later disappears.<br /> Two hundred and fifty million years ago the landmasses of Earth were clustered into one supercontinent dubbed Pangea.

Optional Work T9<br /> Alfred Lothar Wegener was a German geophysicist and a meteorologist. In his life time he was primarily know as a meteorology pioneer of the polar research, today is know as the person that advanced the theory of the continental drift in 1912 , he discovered that there was only 1 continent millions of years ago and that the continents were slowly drifting around the Earth thank of the natural fenomena. Wegener was involved in several expeditions to Greenland to study polar air circulation before the existence of the jet stream was accepted. Expedition participants made many meteorological observations and achieved the first-ever overwintering on the inland Greenland ice sheet as well as the first-ever boring of ice cores on a moving Arctic glacier.<br /> <br /> 1 million years ago Africa is going to smash into Europe as Australia migrates north to merge with Asia. Meanwhile the Atlantic Ocean will probably widen for a spell before it reverses course and later disappears.<br /> Two hundred and fifty million years ago the landmasses of Earth were clustered into one supercontinent dubbed Pangaea. As Yogi Berra might say, it looks like &quot;deja vu all over again&quot; as the present-day continents slowly converge during the next 250 million years to form another mega-continent: Pangaea Ultima.

BIOGRAPHY<br /> Alfred Wegener was born in Berlin in 1880, where his father was a minister who ran an orphanage. From an early age he took an interest in Greenland, and always walked, skated, and hiked as though training for an expedition. He studied in Germany and Austria, receiving his PhD in astronomy. But no sooner did he finish his dissertation than he dropped astronomy to study meteorology, the new science of weather.<br /> <br /> Wegener experimented with kites and balloons, and with his brother Kurt set a world record in an international balloon contest, flying 52 hours straight. That was in 1906, the year he made his first expedition to Greenland. He went as the official meteorologist on a two-year Danish expedition. When he returned he took up teaching meteorology at the University of Marburg, where he was a very popular lecturer.<br /> <br /> In 1910, Wegener noticed the matching coastlines of the Atlantic continents -- they looked on maps like they had once been fit together. He was not the first to notice this, but it was an idea that would never leave his thoughts. In 1911, he published a textbook on the thermodynamics of atmosphere, but at the same time he pursued his studies of the continents. He first spoke on the topic in January of 1912, where he put forth the idea of &quot;continental displacement&quot; or what later was called continental drift. The year 1912 was busy for Wegener: he got married (to the daughter of Germany's leading meteorologist) and he returned to Greenland, making the longest crossing of the ice cap ever made on foot.<br /> <br /> Though he served in World War I and was wounded twice, he published his ideas in 1915. They constituted the first focused and rational argument for continental drift, but still they veered radically from the accepted beliefs of the time. Some scientists supported him. Still more scientists opposed him -- including his father-in-law, who seemed annoyed that Wegener had strayed from meteorology into the unknown territory of geophysics. The established reputation of many of his detractors probably gave more weight to their criticisms than was merited. Wegener often complained of their narrow-mindedness.<br /> <br /> In 1926 Wegener was finally offered a professorship in meteorology. In 1930 he sailed from Denmark as the leader of a major expedition to Greenland -- his fourth and last. He celebrated his fiftieth birthday on November 1, but shortly afterwards the team got separated, and he was lost in a blizzard. His body was found halfway between the two camps.<br /> <br /> Well after his death, and after World War II, Wegener's theories were vindicated by the work of Harry Hess and others. In 1960 Hess proposed the mechanism of sea-floor spreading, which would explain how the continents moved. Newly discovered exporation techniques were employed to prove this theory and ultimately, the correctness of Wegener's chief idea as well.<br /> <br /> CONTINENTAL DRIFT IN THE NEXT MILLION YEARS<br /> When you spend millions of years the continents slowly move and re-unite to form a supercontinent that will be surrounded by a single ocean.

Alfred Lothar Wegener (November 1, 1880 – November 1930) was a German polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist.<br /> <br /> During his lifetime he was primarily known for his achievements in meteorology and as a pioneer of polar research, but today he is most remembered for advancing the theory of continental drift (Kontinentalverschiebung) in 1912, which hypothesized that the continents were slowly drifting around the Earth. His hypothesis was controversial and not widely accepted until the 1950s, when numerous discoveries such as palaeomagnetism provided strong support for continental drift, and thereby a substantial basis for today's model of Plate tectonics.[1][2] Wegener was involved in several expeditions to Greenland to study polar air circulation before the existence of the jet stream was accepted. Expedition participants made many meteorological observations and achieved the first-ever overwintering on the inland Greenland ice sheet as well as the first-ever boring of ice cores on a moving Arctic glacier. He died in November 1930 (aged 50)<br /> Clarinetania, Greenland.<br /> <br /> October 6, 2000 -- The Earth is going to be a very different place 250 million years from now.<br /> <br /> Africa is going to smash into Europe as Australia migrates north to merge with Asia. Meanwhile the Atlantic Ocean will probably widen for a spell before it reverses course and later disappears.<br /> <br /> Two hundred and fifty million years ago the landmasses of Earth were clustered into one supercontinent dubbed Pangea. As Yogi Berra might say, it looks like &quot;deja vu all over again&quot; as the present-day continents slowly converge during the next 250 million years to form another mega-continent: Pangea Ultima.<br /> <br /> Above: A map of the world as it might appear 250 million years from now. Notice the clumping of most of the world's landmass into one super-continent, &quot;Pangea Ultima,&quot; with an inland sea -- all that's left of the once-mighty Atlantic Ocean. Image courtesy of Dr. Christopher Scotese.<br /> <br /> The surface of the Earth is broken into large pieces that are slowly shifting -- a gradual process called &quot;plate tectonics.&quot; Using geological clues to puzzle out past migrations of the continents, Dr. Christopher Scotese, a geologist at the University of Texas at Arlington, has made an educated &quot;guesstimate&quot; of how the continents are going to move hundreds of millions of years into the future.<br /> <br /> &quot;We don't really know the future, obviously,&quot; Scotese said. &quot;All we can do is make predictions of how plate motions will continue, what new things might happen, and where it will all end up.&quot; Among those predictions: Africa is likely to continue its northern migration, pinching the Mediterranean closed and driving up a Himalayan-scale mountain range in southern Europe.<br /> <br /> What's it like to see two continents collide? Just look at the Mediterranean region today.<br /> <br /> Africa has been slowly colliding with Europe for millions of years, Scotese said. &quot;Italy, Greece and almost everything in the Mediterranean is part of (the African plate), and it has been colliding with Europe for the last 40 million years.&quot;<br /> <br /> That collision has pushed up the Alps and the Pyrenees mountains, and is responsible for earthquakes that occasionally strike Greece and Turkey, Scotese noted.<br /> <br /> Above: The possible appearance of the Earth 50 million years from now. Africa has collided with Europe, closing off the Mediterranean Sea. The Atlantic has widened, and Australia has migrated north. Image courtesy of Dr. Christopher Scotese.<br /> <br /> &quot;The Mediterranean is the remnant of a much larger ocean that has closed over the last 100 million years, and it will continue to close,&quot; he said. &quot;More and more of the plate is going to get crumpled and get pushed higher and higher up, like the Himalayas.&quot;<br /> <br /> Australia is also likely to merge with the Eurasian continent. <br /> <br /> &quot;Australia is moving north, and is already colliding with the southern islands of Southeast Asia,&quot; he continued. &quot;If we project that motion, the left shoulder of Australia gets caught, and then Australia rotates and collides against Borneo and south China -- sort of like India collided 50 million years ago -- and gets added to Asia.&quot;<br /> <br /> Meanwhile, the Americas will be moving further away from Africa and Europe as the Atlantic Ocean steadily grows. The Atlantic sea floor is split from north to south by an underwater mountain ridge where new rock material flows up from Earth's interior. The two halves of the sea floor slowly spread apart as the ridge is filled with the new material, causing the Atlantic to widen.<br /> <br /> &quot;It's about as fast as your fingernails grow. Maybe a little bit slower,&quot; Scotese said. Still, over millions of years that minute movement will drive the continents apart. <br /> <br /> Left: NASA's LAGEOS II satellite measures tiny shifts in continental positions from Earth orbit. <br /> <br /> That part of the prediction is fairly certain, because it is just the continuation of existing motions. Beyond about 50 million years into the future, prediction becomes more difficult.<br /> <br /> &quot;The difficult part is the uncertainty in (new behaviors),&quot; Scotese said. <br /> <br /> &quot;It's like if you're traveling on the highway, you can predict where you're going to be in an hour, but if there's an accident or you have to exit, you're going to change direction. And we have to try to understand what causes those changes. That's where we have to make some guesses about the far future -- 150 to 250 million years from now.&quot;<br /> <br /> In the case of the widening Atlantic, geologists think that a &quot;subduction zone&quot; will eventually form on either the east or west edges of the ocean. At a subduction zone, the ocean floor dives under the edge of a continent and down into the interior of the Earth.<br /> <br /> &quot;The subduction zone turns out to be the most important part of the system if you want to understand what causes the plates to move,&quot; Scotese said.<br /> <br /> Like cold air drifting down from an open attic in winter, the cold, dense seabed at the ocean's edges sometimes starts sinking into the playdough-like layer beneath the crust, called the &quot;mantle.&quot;<br /> <br /> &quot;As it sinks, it pulls the rest of the plate with it,&quot; like a tablecloth sliding off a table. This accounts for most of the force that moves the plates around, Scotese said.<br /> <br /> This &quot;slab pull&quot; theory for the mechanism driving the motion of the plates stands in opposition to the older &quot;river raft&quot; theory.<br /> <br /> &quot;For a long time, geologists had this model that there were 'conveyer belts' of mantle convection, and the continents were riding passively on these conveyer belts, sort of like a raft on a river,&quot; Scotese said. &quot;But that theory's all wrong.&quot;<br /> <br /> If a subduction zone starts on one side of the Atlantic -- Scotese thinks it will be the west side -- it will start to slowly drag the sea floor into the mantle. If this happens, the ridge where the Atlantic sea floor spreads would eventually be pulled into the Earth. The widening would stop, and the Atlantic would begin to shrink.<br /> <br /> Tens of millions of years later, the Americas would come smashing into the merged Euro-African continent, pushing up a new ridge of Himalayan-like mountains along the boundary. At that point, most of the world's landmass would be joined into a super-continent called &quot;Pangea Ultima.&quot; The collision might also trap an inland ocean, Scotese said.<br /> <br /> &quot;It's all pretty much fantasy to start with. But it's a fun exercise to think about what might happen,&quot; he said. &quot;And you can only do it if you have a really clear idea of why things happen in the first place.&quot;<br /> <br /> For now it appears that in 250 million years, the Earth's continents will be merged again into one giant landmass...just as they were 250 million years before now. From Pangea, to present,<br /> to Pangea Ultima!

Well, first of all I will speak about Alfred Wegener. <br /> He was born on Berlin the 1 November 1880 and died on Clarinetania (Denmark) the 2 November 1930 with 50 years. <br /> He was a German meteorologist and geophysicist. He was able to develop the theory of the continental drift. He doctorated in astronomy, however he focus on geophisics and meteorology. In 1906 he made his first expedition to Greenland, with the aim of study the air circulation on polar regions.In 1914 he was called up by the German army to fight in the first world war. In 1915 he developed the first version of his book called &quot;the origin of continents and oceans&quot;.<br /> This book tells Wegener's theory. This theory say that all continents were once joined together; He called this enormous continent Pangaea. It wasn't accepted by many scientists but few years later it was considered a real theory. Although he wasn't the first meteorologist that said that the continents were once joined, he was the first that had extensive evidence of it. <br /> Now I will say some things that alfred discovered before developing this theory.<br /> In 1911, while he was browsing some books in a university library, he saw a scientific paper that showed identical fossils of animals and plants found on both sides of the altantic,which are Europe ,Asia and America. Intrigued by this information, he began to look for more cases of similar organisms separated by great oceans. During his last expedition to greenland, in 1930, he died one or two days after his fiftieth birthday.<br /> To continue with, i will speak about the movement of the Earth in the next million years. In 150 millions years in the future Australia will start moving towards Japan, the Phillipines islands and so on, until they will get together. Africa will join to Asia and Europe, consequently, the Mediterrenean Sea will dissapear. Southern America and Northern America will still being joined but northern America will join to northern Asia ( Russia). In 250 years in the future,the south pole ( antarctica) will separate in two different parts, one will join to The indian peninsula, madagascar, africa, the arabic peninsula, etc. The other part will join to Australia, that was firstly joined to asia. America(northern and southern) will join to Africa, Europe and the artarctica, making the Atlantic Ocean increase. There will be a big lake in the center of the huge continent( all continents together). That's all i hope its all right. Bye

Alfred Lothar Wegener was born on November 1, 1880 in Berlin, Germany. During his childhood Wegener's father ran an orphanage. Wegener took an interest physical and Earth sciences and studied these subjects at universities in both Germany and Austria. He graduated with a Ph.D. in astronomy from the University of Berlin in 1905. <br /> While earning his Ph.D. in astronomy, Wegener also took an interest in meteorology and paleoclimatology (the study of changes to the Earth's climate throughout its history). From 1906-1908 he took an expedition to Greenland to study polar weather. This expedition was the first of four that Wegener would take to Greenland. The others occurred from 1912-1913 and in 1929 and 1930.<br /> Shortly after receiving his Ph.D., Wegener began teaching at the University of Marburg in Germany. During his time there he gained an interest in the ancient history of the Earth's continents and their placement after noticing in 1910 that the eastern coast of South America and the northwestern coast of Africa looked like they were once connected. In 1911 Wegener also came across several scientific documents stating that there were identical fossils of plants and animals on each of these continents and he claimed that all of the Earth's continents were at one time connected into one large supercontinent. In 1912 he presented the idea of &quot;continental displacement&quot; which would later become known as continental drift to explain how the continents moved toward and away from one another throughout the Earth's history.<br /> In 1914 Wegener was drafted into the German army during World War I. He was wounded twice and was eventually placed in the Army's weather forecasting service for the duration of the war. In 1915 Wegener published his most famous work, The Origin of Continents and Oceans as an extension of his 1912 lecture. In that work, Wegener presented extensive evidence to support his claim that all of the Earth's continents were at one time connected. Despite the evidence, most of the scientific community ignored his ideas at the time.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> In the next 50 million of years, Asia, Oceania, Africa and Europe will join all together exceptuating a small sea between all of these continent. The Americas will be mostly like today. 150 million of years in the future, this small sea will disappeared and then a supercontinent will be formed. 250 million of years in the future, the Antartida will join too to this supercontinent and the Americas will be closer to the supercontinent. Then, 500 million of years in the future, all these lands will join together to form a bigger supercontinent, this supercontinent will have only a big sea in the middle of it and will be sourrounded of water.

Biography: Alfred Wegener.<br /> Wegener was the youngest of five children of the family of a Lutheran pastor. His father, Richard Wegener, a theologian and professor of classical languages ​​at school in Grey Abbey in Berlin.<br /> The small house where he lived has become a house tour and a memorial to Alfred Wegener. Wegener studied in the old Gym Köllnische on Wall Street, where he graduated as the best in its class. Then from 1900-1904 he studied physics, meteorology and astronomy in Berlin, Heidelberg and Innsbruck. Between 1902-1903 he was assistant Urania Observatory study - which was public - in Berlin. His doctoral thesis was written for Astronomy at the University of Berlin in 1905, but then went over to meteorology and physics.<br /> In 1905, Wegener worked as an assistant at the Observatory in Lindenberg Beeskow Aeronautics. Two years there coincided with his older brother, Kurt, who was also a scientist and who shared an interest in meteorology and polar research.<br /> <br /> Explanation: continental drift.<br /> <br /> In 1910, Wegener turned his attention to the idea of ​​continental drift, because I was impressed, as many others, by the similarity of the coasts of continents located on both sides of the South Atlantic. Initially it seemed unlikely the idea of ​​the movement of the continents. Since 1911, thanks to paleontological data, also began looking geological evidence to support the idea of ​​continental drift. He worked hard and January 6, 1912 presented a lecture about the drift in Frankfurt Geological Union, entitled &quot;The formation of large structures in Earth's crust<br /> (Continents and oceans) with physiographic basis &quot;.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> At that time it was common opinion that the Earth had originated from a molten mass, the Earth solidified, materials milder, largely granitic, had gathered at the planet's surface, leaving below the basaltic rocks, more hard and heavy, and in the center a still more dense metallic core. To solidify the crust formed mountain ranges, by folding the sialic crust as wrinkles form in the skin of an apple is drying up and withering.<br /> In his book, Wegener examined that idea. He proposed that initially existed on the surface of the Earth a continuous supercontinent, Pangea, which would match during the Mesozoic and fragments began to move and disperse. He called this movement horizontale Verschiedung der Kontinente (horizontal displacement of the continents). Later this process was called continental drift.

Alfred Lothar Wegener (Berlín, 1880 - Groenlandia, 1930) Geofísico y meteorólogo alemán. Aunque doctorado en astronomía, se interesó muy pronto por la geofísica y por las entonces incipientes ciencias de la meteorología y la climatología. Pionero en el uso de globos aerostáticos para el estudio de las corrientes de aire, a lo largo de su vida realizó hasta tres expediciones de observación meteorológica a Groenlandia, en la última de las cuales encontró la muerte.<br /> <br /> Su nombre quedará asociado para siempre a la teoría de la deriva continental, que le ocasionó no pocos disgustos en vida. En 1911 se interesó por el descubrimiento de restos fósiles de vegetales de idénticas características morfológicas hallados en lugares opuestos del Atlántico. La paleontología ortodoxa explicaba tales fenómenos recurriendo a hipotéticos puentes de tierra firme que en su día unieron las diferentes masas continentales.<br /> <br /> Las similitudes entre los perfiles opuestos de los continentes de América del Sur y África le sugirieron la posibilidad de que la igualdad de la evidencia fósil se debiera a que ambos hubieran estado unidos en algún momento del pasado geológico terrestre. En 1915 expuso los principios de su teoría en la obra El origen de los continentes y los océanos, que amplió y reeditó en 1920, 1922 y 1929.<br /> <br /> Según Wegener, hace unos 300 millones de años los actuales continentes habrían estado unidos en una sola gran masa de tierra firme que denominó Pangea, la cual, tras resquebrajarse por razones desconocidas, habría originado otros nuevos contingentes terrestres sujetos a un movimiento de deformación y deriva que todavía perdura.<br /> <br /> La teoría fue recibida de manera uniformemente hostil, y en ocasiones, incluso violenta, en buena parte por la inexistencia de una explicación convincente sobre el mecanismo de la deriva continental en sí. A partir de 1950, no obstante, las ideas de Wegener ganaron rápida aceptación gracias al desarrollo de las modernas técnicas de exploración geológica, en particular del fondo oceánico. Reformulada a partir de recientes descubrimientos, la teoría de la deriva continental se encuentra hoy totalmente consolidada.

Alfred Lothar Wegener (November 1, 1880 – November 1930) was a German polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist.<br /> Early Life<br /> He was born in Berlin in 1880, he studied Physics in Berlin. He obtained a doctorate of Physics in 1905. after he worked as assitant in an astornomical observatory.<br /> He took part in the first World War as a metorologist. he went to all the stations around the Western Front, Germany, Austria and the Balcans.<br /> Wegener was involved in several expeditions to Greenland to study polar air circulation(1906,1913-1923-1930).<br /> He died in the fourth expedition to Greenland in 1930<br /> HIS BOOK<br /> In 1912 he started to speak the theory of the CONTINENTAL DRIFT and three years later he published the ORIGIN OF THE CONTINENTS AND OCEANS,what it told us that once all the continents were together, he called this supercontinent &quot;Urkontinent&quot; (German word meaning &quot;origin of the continents&quot;) but the Greek word Pangea was adopted.He supposed the cause might be the centrifugal force of the Earth's rotation (&quot;Polflucht&quot;) or the astronomical precession. <br /> In the 1920s its theory was not accepted by some scientist but others such as Alexander Du Toit from South Africa and Arthur Holmes in England supported him.<br /> He obtained many evidences in fossils, plants and animals that the Pangea was formed and once was separated.<br /> In 1950s In the early 1950s, the new science of paleomagnetism pioneered at Cambridge University was soon producing data in favour of Wegener's theory.<br /> In 1960ssome discoveries was giving the reason that the Continental Drift was a true theory.After Alfred Wegenever was recoginized as the founding father of a revolutionally idea of the geology.<br /> Awards<br /> The Most important award to Alfred was his institue &quot;The Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research&quot; in Bremerhaven, Germany, was established in 1980 on his centenary. It awards the Wegener Medal in his name.<br /> <br /> In the future(50 millions years in the future) the tectonic plates wil move, the Atlantic Ocean will increase while the Pacific Ocean will decrease the Mediterranean Sea will desappear and Australia will start a process of joining with Asia, Greenland will join to America<br /> 15o millions of years Asia,Europe and Oceania will form a supercontinent and America will move towards Asia the Hymalayas mountains will increase its height.<br /> 250 millions of years in the future America will break in norrth america and south america, Europa wont exist and the antartica will join to Asia.<br /> 400 millions years in the future a new supercontinent will be born with inland seas and an enormous ocean.<br /> <br /> I HOPE YOU LIKE<br /> ESTO SUBE 0.5 NO? PROFESOR<br /> I have searched the infromation in:<br /> -http://www.awi.de/en/home/<br /> -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Wegener<br /> -http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/wegener.html